304, ТП304, и материалы из нержавеющей стали 304L

Краткое различие между 304, ТП304, и материалы из нержавеющей стали 304L

Введение

304 нержавеющая сталь широко используется для производства коррозионностойкого и формуемого оборудования и деталей., thanks to its excellent heat resistance. It is common in food, chemical, atomic energy industries, and decorative applications. Understanding the differences between 304, ТП304, and 304L is crucial for selecting the right material for specific applications.

Chemical Composition

304 Stainless Steel

Grade: 0Cr18Ni9
C: ≤ 0.08
Si: ≤ 1.00
Mn: ≤ 2.00
P: ≤ 0.035
S: ≤ 0.030
Ni: 8.00-11.00
Cr: 17.00-19.00

TP304 Нержавеющая сталь

C: ≤ 0.08
Si: ≤ 1.00
Mn: ≤ 2.00
P: ≤ 0.045
S: ≤ 0.030
Ni: 8.00-11.00
Cr: 18.00-20.00

304L Stainless Steel

Grade: 00Cr18Ni10
C: ≤ 0.03
Si: ≤ 1.00
Mn: ≤ 2.00
P: ≤ 0.035
S: ≤ 0.030
Ni: 8.00-11.00
Cr: 18.00-20.00

Key Differences

304 vs. ТП304

Standard: 304 is a national standard (0Cr18Ni9), while TP304 follows the American standard (Tube/Pipe).
Composition: TP304 has slightly higher chromium content (≥18%), enhancing its corrosion resistance and increasing its price slightly compared to 304.

304 vs. 304л

Carbon Content: 304 contains ≤0.08% carbon, while 304L contains ≤0.03% carbon.
Usage: 304 is a general-purpose stainless steel suitable for equipment and parts requiring good corrosion resistance and formability. 304л, with lower carbon content, is used in applications requiring welding, minimizing carbide precipitation in the heat-affected zone to prevent intergranular corrosion.

Comparison Table of 304 Grades

Grade	Standard	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Ni	Cr
304	National	≤0.08	≤1.00	≤2.00	≤0.035	≤0.030	8.00-11.00	17.00-19.00
ТП304	American	≤0.08	≤1.00	≤2.00	≤0.045	≤0.030	8.00-11.00	18.00-20.00
304л	National	≤0.03	≤1.00	≤2.00	≤0.035	≤0.030	8.00-11.00	18.00-20.00

Заключение

Understanding the distinctions between 304, ТП304, and 304L stainless steel helps in selecting the appropriate material for specific industrial applications. Each type offers unique advantages in terms of composition, corrosion resistance, and suitability for welding.